主谓一致练习题 25 题（即时批改+中文解析）

1. My sister ___ to school by bike every day.

• go
• goes
• going

正确答案: goes · 一般现在时里主语是第三人称单数（my sister），动词必须加 -s：goes。中文「我妹妹骑车上学」的「上学」二字在任何人称下都长一个样，所以这一步对中文母语者不是理解问题，而是肌肉记忆问题——每天补练到顺手为止。going 缺了 be 动词，单独站不住。

2. Tom and Jerry ___ both in my class.

• is
• are
• am

正确答案: are · A and B 构成并列主语，天然是复数，be 动词用 are。中文「汤姆和杰瑞都在我班」同样看出两个人，但英语的复数信号必须落在动词上——这一步中文帮不上忙，只能靠「and 连接 = 复数」的硬规则。

3. The school bus ___ at seven every morning.

• leaves
• leave
• leaving

正确答案: leaves · 主语 the school bus 是第三人称单数，一般现在时动词加 -s：leaves。every morning 锁定一般现在时（习惯性动作），时态定了之后只剩单复数一个问题——the bus 是「一辆车」这个整体，单数没有悬念。

4. Birds ___ in the sky.

• flys
• fly
• flies

正确答案: fly · 主语 Birds 带 -s，是复数，动词用原形 fly。flys 是高频拼写错误：以辅音 + y 结尾的动词变三单要改 y 为 -ies（flies），可本句主语已是复数，连 flies 都不该出场。中文名词没有复数形态，「鸟」一个字可单可复，英语却要求动词替你交代清楚。

5. My parents ___ in Shanghai.

• lives
• live
• living

正确答案: live · parents 以 -s 结尾且是复数（父母两人），动词用原形 live。注意方向别搞反：名词的 -s 表示复数，动词的 -s 表示单数，两个 -s 互相抵消——The dog lives… 和 The dogs live… 各配各的。living 单独使用缺 be 动词。

6. There ___ a pen and two notebooks on the desk.

• is
• are
• have

正确答案: is · There be 句型遵循就近原则：动词与紧跟其后的第一个名词保持一致，a pen 是单数所以用 is，哪怕后面还拖着 two notebooks。中文「桌上有一支笔和两本书」只有一个「有」，英语却要求 be 动词先和最近的名词握手。

7. There ___ lots of students in the library.

• is
• are
• has

正确答案: are · 就近原则看紧接的名词：lots of students 是复数，用 are。There be 与 have 无关——「某处有某物」的存在句只认 there is / there are，把 have 混进来（There have…）是中文「有」字直译的经典错误。

8. The box of chocolates ___ on the table is for our guests.

• is
• are
• have been

正确答案: is · of chocolates 只是修饰箱子的介词短语，真主语是 the box——单数，用 is。这是主谓一致最经典的「穿过去」题型：of + 复数名词紧贴在动词前面，视觉上全是复数，语法上却毫无发言权。中文「那盒巧克力」同样把「盒」藏在后面，但动词不变形帮不了你。

9. The students, together with their teacher, ___ visiting the science museum.

• is
• are
• was

正确答案: are · together with 引导的是插入语，不构成并列主语，真主语 the students 是复数，用 are。判定工具是一把剪刀：两个逗号之间的内容整段剪掉，句子立刻现出原形。同样待遇的还有 along with、as well as、including、except。

10. Each of the rooms ___ a private bathroom.

• have
• has
• are having

正确答案: has · each 视作单数，哪怕后面跟着 of the rooms（复数）——真主语是 Each，用 has。中文「每间房都有独立卫浴」的「每」字毫无单数压力，而英语把「逐个数」的逻辑压进 each / every 的动词形态里，这是考试必背的单数标记词之一。

11. Every boy and every girl in the class ___ an English name.

• has
• have
• are having

正确答案: has · every + 单数 and every + 单数仍然逐指单数，动词用 has——and 的复数魔力被 every 逐个化解了。对比：Tom and Jerry are…；但 Every boy and every girl has…。every 强调「一个一个」，each 同理，「群体并列用复数、逐指强调用单数」是这条规则的分界线。

12. Neither of the two films ___ worth seeing.

• is
• are
• have been

正确答案: is · Neither of 后面可以用单数谓语，正式写作中这是常见选择。复数谓语在口语中也常见；不要把每一种复数用法都说成不合语法。

13. The manager, as well as his clerks, ___ worried about the delayed order.

• was
• were
• have been

正确答案: was · as well as 不连接主语、只作插入语，真主语 the manager 是单数，用 was。别被中文「经理和店员们都担心」的「都」字带偏——as well as 的语法身份是「连同」而不是「和」，它加不上主语的数。was/were 的对齐还提醒我们：过去的主谓一致同样要守单复数。

14. The papers he handed in ___ full of spelling mistakes.

• is
• are
• was

正确答案: are · he handed in 是省略了 that 的定语从句，插在中间干扰视线，真主语 the papers 是复数，用 are。剪掉从句后句子一目了然：The papers ___ full of…。定语从句和介词短语是两道最常见的「视觉墙」，破墙之法永远是先删修饰、后看主干。

15. The key to these exercises ___ hidden at the back of the book.

• is
• are
• have been

正确答案: is · to these exercises 是介词短语作后置定语，真主语是 the key——单数，用 is。中文「这些练习的答案」核心词落在「答案/钥匙」上，英语复数感却被末尾的 exercises 抢镜。这类「名词 + to/of + 复数名词」结构（the use of dictionaries, the back of the cupboards）动词一律向前看。

16. Nobody except the twins ___ the correct answer.

• know
• knows
• knowing

正确答案: knows · except the twins 是修饰性介词短语，真主语 nobody 是不定代词、视作单数，用 knows。中文「除了那对双胞胎没人知道」的焦点仿佛在双胞胎身上，英语的谓语却只对 nobody 负责。everyone、someone、nobody、each、either 同属「单数俱乐部」，三单 -s 一个都不能少。

17. Either of the two plans ___ workable, but we prefer the cheaper one.

• are
• is
• have been

正确答案: is · either 作主语指「两者中任一个」，逻辑上是单个对象，谓语用单数 is。这题的坑在 of the two plans 的复数尾巴上——先删修饰语，再确认 either 的单数身份。either / neither 单独作主语用单数，但它们参与 either…or 句型时改用就近原则，是下一组的考点。

18. Li Nan is one of the teachers who ___ from London.

• comes
• come
• coming

正确答案: come · 定语从句的动词由先行词决定：who 指代的是 the teachers（复数），所以用 come——李老师是「来自伦敦的老师群体」之一。对比真题陷阱：the only one of the students who ___ late，那里先行词收紧成 one，动词变单数 comes。「one of + 复数 + 从句」看群体，「the only one of + 复数 + 从句」看那一个。

19. What he said ___ nothing to do with our plan.

• have
• has
• are

正确答案: has · what 引导的主语从句把一整件事打包成单数，谓语用 has（have nothing to do with 是固定短语）。中文「他说的话和计划无关」里「话」似乎可单可复，英语却规定从句主语一律按「一件事」处理。that / whether 引导的主语从句同理，一律单数。

20. Everyone in the dorm, including me, ___ fast asleep by eleven.

• was
• were
• have been

正确答案: was · 三重干扰一次集齐：in the dorm 介词短语、including me 插入语，但真主语 everyone 是不定代词单数，用 was。中文「宿舍里的人都睡着了」的「都」字总让人手滑选复数，而英语的 everyone 是「每人逐一」而非「大家一起」，单数身份不可动摇。

21. Ten years ___ a long time to wait.

• are
• is
• have

正确答案: is · 这里把 ten years 看作一整段等待时间，所以用单数 is：Ten years is a long time to wait。若强调十个年份逐一过去，可说 Ten years have passed，不能把这个规则当作所有时间主语都只能用单数。

22. More than a million yuan ___ donated to the school last year.

• was
• were
• have been

正确答案: was · 金钱总额作主语视作单数：a million yuan was donated。与上一题同理，金额是「一笔」而不是「一块一块」。注意单位名词复数的干扰（yuan 无复数形态，dollars 有）：Two hundred dollars ___ a lot of money → 仍填 is / was，主语是「两百美元这笔钱」。

23. The number of students in our school ___ falling year by year.

• is
• are
• have been

正确答案: is · the number of + 复数名词，中心词是 number（数字本身），谓语用单数 is。它和 a number of 是一对镜像考点：a number of（许多）后面整体当复数看。口诀「有 the 看数字（单数），无 the 看名词（复数）」，高考和四级语法填空反复轮考。

24. A number of new machines ___ imported last month.

• was
• were
• have been

正确答案: were · a number of 意为「若干、许多」，功能相当于 many，主语核心是 machines，复数用 were。和上题连起来记：The number of… is…／A number of… are…，差一个 the，动词整个掉头。last month 锁过去时，也顺手排除现在完成时 have been。

25. Neither the twins nor their father ___ at home yesterday.

• were
• was
• are

正确答案: was · neither…nor…（以及 either…or…、not only…but also…）连接主语时用就近原则：动词与靠近它的一侧一致，father 是单数所以用 was。yesterday 把时态锁在过去，排除 are。这是真题频率最高的一致性原则：先找动词旁边的名词，别顺着句首读到句尾。