【受動態 vs 能動態】ビジネス英語で失礼にならない受動態の使い方！(Passive Voice)

日本語の受け身と英語の受動態の違い

日本語の受け身は「被害・迷惑」を表すことが多く（盗まれた、怒られた）、ネガティブな印象があります。一方、英語の受動態は中立的で、ビジネスでは 責任の所在をぼかして事実を伝える ための表現として重宝されます。この文化的な違いを理解しないと、受動態の使いどころを誤ります。

受動態が優位な3つの場面

能動態から受動態への変換ルール

by + 動作主を省略する

受動態の強みは、動作主（誰がやったか）を 省略できる ことです。by + 人 は、動作主を強調したいときだけ付けます。

日本人の間違いやすいパターン

変換練習

よくある質問

練習用の例文 / English Practice Sentences

受動態の文を実際に読んで、動作主を省略できる感覚をつかみましょう。be 動詞の時制と過去分詞に注目してください。

• The payment has not been received yet. 催促を相手に責めずに伝える。
• The meeting will be held next Monday. 未来の受動態は will be + 過去分詞。
• The report was written by the intern. 動作主を強調するときは by。
• The document will be submitted by tomorrow. 提出の予定は受動態で。
• A new policy has been introduced this month. 現在完了の受動態は has been。
• The decision was made at the last meeting. 決定は誰がしたか不明でも成立する。
• The product was launched in March this year. 発売は受動態で報告する。
• The issue has not been resolved yet. 問題は受動態で客観的に。
• The invoice was sent to the client yesterday. 送付の事実だけを伝える。
• Sales were increased by twenty percent. 成果を主語に置く。
• The results will be announced next week. 発表予定は will be announced。
• The schedule has been changed without notice. 変更を伝える受動態。
• The proposal was approved by the board. 承認者は by で明示。
• The mistake was made, and we apologize. 謝罪とともに責任を取る。
• The email was written in English yesterday. 書かれた事実を伝える。
• The project will be finished by the end of June. 完了予定は will be finished。
• The contract was signed by both parties. 契約締結を報告する。
• New software has been installed on all computers. インストール済みを伝える。
• The meeting was held in the main conference room. 開催場所を報告する。
• The letter was mailed this morning. 発送済みの報告。
• The policy will be reviewed every year. 定期見直しは受動態で。
• The data was collected from several sources. 収集の事実を伝える。
• The files were saved on the shared drive. 保存済みの確認。
• The announcement was made by the director. 発表者は by で。
• The report has been completed ahead of schedule. 完了報告は has been completed。
• The office was cleaned before the visitors arrived. 清掃済みを伝える。
• The orders will be shipped within three days. 発送予定は will be shipped。
• The question was answered by the expert. 回答者は by で明示。
• The room was filled with important documents. 状態を表す受動態。
• The bridge was built over a hundred years ago. 建造の事実を伝える。
• The food is served at seven every evening. 現在の受動態 is served。
• The documents were printed by the assistant. 印刷者は by で。
• Our proposal was rejected by the committee. 却下の報告も受動態で。
• The form must be filled out before the deadline. 義務の受動態は must be。
• The meeting has been postponed until Friday. 延期の報告は has been postponed。
• The goods were damaged during the shipment. 損傷の事実を伝える。
• The new system will be introduced next quarter. 導入予定は will be introduced。
• The report was reviewed by the legal team. レビュー済みを報告する。